2026年6月英语四六级备考一百天-DAY.13
- 2026-03-18 20:07:46
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DAY.13 核心任务包
第一部分：词汇攻坚 - 70个核心词汇
以下是结合了近期六级考试趋势整理出的70个核心词汇。请优先掌握其核心释义与用法。
1.damn (v./n.) 诅咒；严厉批评》搭配：damn the project; not worth a damn
2.dazzle (v.) 使炫目；使赞叹不已》搭配：dazzle the audience; dazzled by the lights
3.deadly (adj.) 致命的；极度的》搭配：deadly weapon; deadly serious
4.decent (adj.) 体面的；得体的；相当好的》搭配：a decent salary; decent behavior
5.decimal (adj./n.) 十进制的；小数》搭配：decimal system; to three decimals
6.decisive (adj.) 决定性的；果断的》搭配：a decisive victory; decisive leadership
7.declaration (n.) 宣布；宣言；申报》搭配：declaration of war; customs declaration
8.decline (v./n.) 下降；衰退；谢绝》搭配：decline an invitation; economic decline
9.dedicate (v.) 奉献；致力于》搭配：dedicate oneself to; dedicate a book to
10.deem (v.) 认为；视为》搭配：be deemed necessary; deem it an honor
11.defect (n.) 缺陷；缺点》搭配：a defect in the system; genetic defect
12.deficiency (n.) 缺乏；不足；缺陷》搭配：vitamin deficiency; immune deficiency
13.deficit (n.) 赤字；不足额》搭配：budget deficit; trade deficit
14.defy (v.) 违抗；蔑视；使不可能》搭配：defy authority; defy explanation
15.degenerate (v.) 退化；堕落》搭配：degenerate into; moral degeneration
16.degrade (v.) 降低身份；使丢脸；退化》搭配：degrade oneself; feel degraded
17.delegate (n./v.) 代表；委派…为代表》搭配：delegate authority; conference delegate
18.deliberate (adj./v.) 故意的；深思熟虑的；仔细考虑》搭配：a deliberate act; deliberate on the matter
19.denial (n.) 否认；拒绝》搭配：issue a denial; denial of service
20.denote (v.) 表示；意味着》搭配：denote importance; symbol denotes
21.denounce (v.) 谴责；告发》搭配：denounce corruption; denounce as traitor
22.dentist (n.) 牙科医生》搭配：see the dentist; dentist appointment
23.depict (v.) 描绘；描写》搭配：depict a scene; depict as heroic
24.depress (v.) 使沮丧；使萧条》搭配：depress the economy; feel depressed
25.depression (n.) 抑郁；萧条期；凹陷》搭配：economic depression; suffer from depression
26.deprive (v.) 剥夺；使丧失》搭配：deprive of rights; deprived children
27.deputy (n.) 副手；代理人；代表》搭配：deputy director; deputy to the assembly
28.descend (v.) 下降；遗传；降临》搭配：descend from; descend on
29.descendant (n.) 后代；后裔》搭配：descendant of; direct descendant
30.descent (n.) 下降；血统；斜坡》搭配：of Asian descent; rapid descent
31.designate (v.) 指定；指派；标明》搭配：designate as; designated driver
32.despatch (v./n.) 派遣；发送；迅速处理》搭配：despatch a message; despatch department
33.despise (v.) 鄙视；看不起》搭配：despise dishonesty; utterly despised
34.destined (adj.) 命中注定的；预定的》搭配：be destined for; destined to succeed
35.destiny (n.) 命运；定数》搭配：control one's own destiny; meet one's destiny
36.destructive (adj.) 破坏性的；毁灭性的》搭配：destructive behavior; destructive power
37.detach (v.) 拆卸；使分离；派遣》搭配：detach from; detached attitude
38.detect (v.) 发现；察觉；探测》搭配：detect changes; detect a problem
39.detective (n.) 侦探》搭配：private detective; detective story
40.deteriorate (v.) 恶化；变坏》搭配：health deteriorates; deteriorate rapidly
41.diagnose (v.) 诊断；判断》搭配：diagnose the problem; diagnosed with
42.differentiate (v.) 区分；区别》搭配：differentiate between; differentiate from
43.diffuse (v./adj.) 扩散；弥漫；漫射的》搭配：diffuse knowledge; diffuse light
44.dignity (n.) 尊严；高贵》搭配：human dignity; with dignity
45.dilemma (n.) 困境；进退两难》搭配：face a dilemma; in a moral dilemma
46.diligent (adj.) 勤奋的；用功的》搭配：a diligent student; diligent efforts
47.dim (adj.) 昏暗的；模糊的》搭配：dim light; dim memory
48.diminish (v.) 减少；减弱；降低》搭配：diminish the value; diminish over time
49.diploma (n.) 文凭；毕业证书》搭配：high school diploma; diploma in
50.disable (v.) 使丧失能力；使无效》搭配：disable the system; permanently disabled
51.disastrous (adj.) 灾难性的；极糟的》搭配：disastrous consequences; disastrous failure
52.discard (v.) 丢弃；抛弃》搭配：discard old habits; discard as useless
53.discern (v.) 辨别；看出》搭配：discern the difference; discern between
54.discharge (v./n.) 排放；释放；解雇》搭配：discharge waste; discharge from hospital
55.discipline (n./v.) 纪律；训练；惩罚》搭配：academic discipline; discipline oneself
56.disclose (v.) 揭露；公开》搭配：disclose information; disclose details
57.discount (n./v.) 折扣；不重视》搭配：get a discount; discount a rumor
58.discrepancy (n.) 差异；不符》搭配：discrepancy between; price discrepancy
59.discrete (adj.) 分离的；不连续的》搭配：discrete units; discrete categories
60.discriminate (v.) 区别；歧视》搭配：discriminate against; discriminate between
61.disguise (v./n.) 伪装；掩饰》搭配：in disguise; disguise one's feelings
62.disgust (n./v.) 厌恶；使反感》搭配：in disgust; disgust at
63.dismay (n./v.) 沮丧；惊恐》搭配：to one's dismay; dismayed by
64.dispatch (v./n.) 派遣；发送；迅速处理》搭配：dispatch a messenger; dispatch with
65.disperse (v.) 分散；消散；驱散》搭配：crowd dispersed; disperse the protesters
66.displace (v.) 取代；迫使离开》搭配：be displaced by; displaced persons
67.disposal (n.) 处理；清除；支配》搭配：waste disposal; at one's disposal
68.dispose (v.) 处理；使倾向于》搭配：dispose of; be disposed to
69.disposition (n.) 性情；倾向；安排》搭配：cheerful disposition; disposition of assets
70.dispute (n./v.) 争论；争端》搭配：in dispute; dispute a claim
第二部分：真题精读与长难句分析
使用材料：以下段落选自英语六级真题关于"城市化与可持续发展"的仔细阅读段落。
The rapid urbanization sweeping across developing nations has brought with it both unprecedented opportunities and formidable challenges. While cities serve as engines of economic growth and innovation, the unplanned expansion of urban areas has often led to severe environmental degradation, widening social inequality, and strains on infrastructure that are difficult to reverse once set in motion. A report published by the United Nations Human Settlements Programme warns that unless proactive measures are taken to integrate sustainability into urban planning, the very factors that make cities attractive—economic opportunity, cultural vitality, social mobility—could be undermined by the consequences of their own success.
第一步：通读与查词（5-8分钟）
1. 快速阅读段落，理解大意（快速城市化带来机遇和挑战，若不采取主动措施，城市的吸引力可能被自身成功的后果所破坏）。
2. 圈出生词（如 urbanization, formidable, degradation, strains, reverse, proactive, integrate, vitality, mobility, undermined 等），查明释义。
第二步：锁定与解剖长难句（15-20分钟）
请重点分析以下两个典型长句 ：
句子一："While cities serve as engines of economic growth and innovation, the unplanned expansion of urban areas has often led to severe environmental degradation, widening social inequality, and strains on infrastructure that are difficult to reverse once set in motion."
结构分析 ：》1. 全句由 While 引导的让步状语从句开头，引出两种对立情况。》2. 从句主干：cities serve as engines of economic growth and innovation》3. 主句主干：the unplanned expansion of urban areas has often led to severe environmental degradation, widening social inequality, and strains on infrastructure》4. that are difficult to reverse once set in motion 是定语从句，修饰 strains on infrastructure。》5. 定语从句内部包含省略形式的时间状语从句 once (they are) set in motion。》6. 全句通过主句的三个并列宾语和定语从句的嵌套，构建了因果+条件的复杂逻辑。
翻译练习：虽然城市充当着经济增长和创新的引擎，但城市区域的无序扩张常常导致严重的环境退化、不断扩大的社会不平等以及一旦启动就难以逆转的基础设施压力。
句子二："A report published by the United Nations Human Settlements Programme warns that unless proactive measures are taken to integrate sustainability into urban planning, the very factors that make cities attractive—economic opportunity, cultural vitality, social mobility—could be undermined by the consequences of their own success."
结构分析 ：》1. 主句主干：A report ... warns that ...》2. published by the United Nations Human Settlements Programme 是过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰 report。》3. that unless proactive measures are taken ... the very factors ... could be undermined 是宾语从句，作 warns 的宾语。》4. 宾语从句内部包含 unless 引导的条件状语从句 unless proactive measures are taken to integrate sustainability into urban planning。》5. 宾语从句的主干是 the very factors ... could be undermined by the consequences of their own success。》6. that make cities attractive 是定语从句，修饰 the very factors。》7. 破折号之间的 —economic opportunity, cultural vitality, social mobility— 是插入语，对 factors 进行具体解释说明。》8. 全句包含分词定语、宾语从句、条件状语从句、定语从句、插入语等多个层次，是典型的多层从句嵌套结构 。
翻译练习：联合国人类住区规划署发布的一份报告警告称，除非采取积极措施将可持续性纳入城市规划，否则那些使城市具有吸引力的因素——经济机会、文化活力、社会流动性——可能会被自身成功的后果所破坏。
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