Allergies arise when the immune system gets confused. Normally tasked with protecting the body from pathogens, in people with allergies it also reacts to harmless irritants, or allergens. In overactive immune systems, proteins responsible for recognising dangerous invading parasites, known as immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies, start to become sensitive to allergens, too.
重点词汇:
immune system 免疫系统
confused /kən'fjuːzd/ adj.困惑的,混乱的(bewildered 困惑的)
pathogen /'pæθədʒən/ n.病原体,致病菌
irritant /'ɪrɪtənt/ n.刺激物,刺激因素
allergen /'ælədʒən/ n.过敏原
overactive /ˌəʊvər'æktɪv/ adj.过度活跃的,反应过强的(hyperactive 过度活跃的)
parasite /'pærəsaɪt/ n.寄生虫
antibody /'æntibɒdi/ n.抗体
sensitive /'sensətɪv/ adj.敏感的,反应灵敏的
过敏现象发生在免疫系统被混淆时。通常负责保护身体免受病原体侵害的免疫系统,在过敏人群中也会对无害的刺激物或过敏原产生反应。在过度活跃的免疫系统中,负责识别危险入侵寄生虫的蛋白质,即免疫球蛋白E(IgE)抗体,也开始对过敏原敏感。