极简的英语笔记︱《小王子》Chapter 13(1)地道英语四六级/雅思高分写作表达

大家好，我是极简。

为了方便大家提升英语口语能力，我会在微信公众号文章里面插入一部分英语口语的视频。

接下来我们一同学习《小王子》第12章的内容。

《小王子》从来不止是一本童话，它是写给成年人的治愈诗集。书中温柔细腻的文字，藏着最纯粹的爱意与遗憾，同时包含大量四六级、高阶英文句型与地道文学表达，非常适合英文精读、写作积累与语感提升。今天我们就深度精读小王子告别玫瑰的经典片段，全方位夯实英语能力。

一、中英对照原文

The fourth planet belonged to a businessman. This man was so much occupied that he did not even raise his head at the little prince’s arrival.
第四颗星球属于一位商人。这个人忙得不可开交，以至于小王子到来的时候，他连头都没有抬。

“Good morning,” the little prince said to him. “Your cigarette has gone out.”
“早上好，”小王子对他说，“您的烟熄灭了。”

“Three and two make five. Five and seven make twelve. Twelve and three make fifteen. Good morning. Fifteen and seven make twenty‑two. Twenty‑two and six make twenty‑eight. I haven’t time to light it again. Twenty‑six and five make thirty‑one. Phew! Then that makes five‑hundred‑and‑one‑million, six‑hundred‑twenty‑two‑thousand, seven‑hundred‑thirty‑one.”
“三加二等于五。五加七等于十二。十二加三等于十五。早上好。十五加七等于二十二。二十二加六等于二十八。我没空再去点着它。二十六加五等于三十一。唷！那总共是五亿零一百六十二万二千七百三十一。”

“Five hundred million what?” asked the little prince.
“五亿什么？”小王子问道。

“Eh? Are you still there? Five‑hundred‑and‑one million — I can’t stop … I have so much to do! I am concerned with matters of consequence. I don’t amuse myself with balderdash. Two and five make seven …”
“嗯？你还在这儿？五亿零一百万……我不能停下来……我要做的事情太多了！我操心的都是要紧事，我可没工夫闲聊！二加五等于七……”

“Five‑hundred‑and‑one million what?” repeated the little prince, who never in his life had let go of a question once he had asked it.
“五亿零一百万什么？”小王子重复问道，他一旦提出问题就不会轻易放弃。

The businessman raised his head.
商人抬起了头。

“During the fifty‑four years that I have inhabited this planet, I have been disturbed only three times. The first time was twenty‑two years ago, when some giddy goose fell from goodness knows where. He made the most frightful noise that resounded all over the place, and I made four mistakes in my addition. The second time, eleven years ago, I was disturbed by an attack of rheumatism. I don’t get enough exercise. I have no time for loafing. The third time — well, this is it! I was saying, then, five‑hundred‑and‑one millions —”
“我在这颗星球上生活的五十四年之中，只被打扰过三次。第一次是二十二年前，不知从哪儿掉下来一只金龟子，它发出一种非常可怕的噪音，弄得到处都是回声，害得我在加法运算中出了四处错误。第二次是在十一年前，我风湿病发作。我锻炼得不够，我没有时间闲逛。第三次……嗯，就是这次！我刚才正说到五亿零一百万……”

“Millions of what?”
“百万个什么呀？”

The businessman suddenly realized that there was no hope of being left in peace until he answered this question.
商人突然意识到，如果他不回答这个问题，就别指望落得清静。

“Millions of those little objects,” he said, “which one sometimes sees in the sky.”
“百万个小东西，”他说，“有时你可以在天空中看见它们。”


二、重点句型解析&写作指导

1. so…that… 如此……以至于……（结果状语从句，写作高频万能句型）

原文原句：This man was so much occupied that he did not even raise his head at the little prince’s arrival.
例句：The task was so difficult that I spent three days finishing it.
翻译：这项任务太难了，以至于我花了三天才完成。
写作指导：用于描述程度，可替换简单句，提升句式层次感，适合议论文、记叙文。

2. be concerned with 关心；从事；关注（正式书面/商务写作短语）

原文原句：I am concerned with matters of consequence.
例句：Our government is concerned with people’s daily lives.
翻译：我们的政府关注民众的日常生活。
写作指导：正式语境专用，区别于口语care about，适合英语作文、商务文书。

3. once引导条件状语从句，表“一旦”（逻辑连接句型，增强句式逻辑）

原文原句：who never in his life had let go of a question once he had asked it.
例句：Once you make a decision, you should stick to it.
翻译：一旦你做出决定，就应该坚持下去。
写作指导：用于表达条件逻辑，替换if，句式更高级，适合观点类写作。

4. There is no hope of doing sth. 做某事没有希望（否定句式，精准表达）

原文原句：there was no hope of being left in peace until he answered this question.
例句：There is no hope of solving the problem in one day.
翻译：一天之内解决这个问题没有希望。
写作指导：用于否定预判，比cannot更委婉正式，适合议论文、说明文。

5. which引导非限制性定语从句（修饰先行词，拓展句式，高级语法）

原文原句：Millions of those little objects, which one sometimes sees in the sky.
例句：I keep a diary, which helps me record my daily feelings.
翻译：我写日记，它帮我记录日常情绪。
写作指导：用于补充说明先行词，避免简单句堆砌，提升作文语法得分。


三、重点词汇解析

1. occupied /ˈɒkjupaɪd/ adj. 忙碌的；无空闲的
例句：She is fully occupied with her part‑time job.
翻译：她忙于自己的兼职工作。
易混辨析：occupied（客观忙碌）vs busy（通用忙碌）
例句：He is busy today. 翻译：他今天很忙。（口语通用）
2. cigarette /ˌsɪɡəˈret/ n. 香烟
例句：It is forbidden to smoke cigarette in public places.
翻译：公共场所禁止吸烟。
3. amuse /əˈmjuːz/ v. 娱乐；消遣；使开心
例句：Children amused themselves by playing outdoor games.
翻译：孩子们通过户外游戏消遣。
易混辨析：amuse（轻松消遣）vs entertain（正式娱乐、款待）
例句：We entertained our guests with dinner. 翻译：我们用晚餐款待客人。
4. balderdash /ˈbɔːldədæʃ/ n. 胡言乱语；废话
例句：Ignore his balderdash; he is just joking.
翻译：别在意他的胡言乱语，他只是开玩笑。
5. giddy /ˈɡɪdi/ adj. 轻率的；头晕的
例句：The giddy boy always makes impulsive decisions.
翻译：这个轻率的男孩总做冲动的决定。
6. frightful /ˈfraɪtfl/ adj. 可怕的；惊人的
例句：A frightful storm hit the coastal city last night.
翻译：昨晚一场可怕的风暴袭击了这座沿海城市。
易混辨析：frightful（客观可怕）vs scary（主观吓人，口语）
例句：The horror movie is scary. 翻译：这部恐怖片很吓人。
7. resound /rɪˈzaʊnd/ v. 回响；鸣响
例句：The applause resounded in the stadium.
翻译：掌声在体育场内回响。
8. addition /əˈdɪʃn/ n. 加法；增加
例句：Primary students learn simple addition first.
翻译：小学生先学习简单的加法。
易混辨析：addition（加法/增加物）vs plus（介词，加）
例句：Three plus five equals eight. 翻译：3加5等于8。
9. rheumatism /ˈruːmətɪzəm/ n. 风湿病
例句：Old people are easy to suffer from rheumatism in wet weather.
翻译：老人在潮湿天气容易患上风湿病。
10. loaf /ləʊf/ v. 游荡；虚度光阴
例句：Don’t loaf around after school; finish your homework first.
翻译：放学后别闲逛，先完成作业。


四、地道英文表达

1. go out （火、烟、灯）熄灭（英语惯用表达，中文直译不通）

文化差异：中文习惯说“烟灭了”，英语固定用go out，不用stop/end。
原文原句：Your cigarette has gone out.
例句：The candle went out in the wind.
翻译：蜡烛在风中熄灭了。

2. goodness knows 天晓得；谁也不知道（英语口语惯用习语，无直译）

文化差异：英语用god/goodness表达不确定，中文对应“天晓得”，不能直译为善良知道。
原文原句：when some giddy goose fell from goodness knows where.
例句：Goodness knows when he will come back.
翻译：天晓得他什么时候回来。

3. matters of consequence 要紧事；重要事务（正式地道表达，替代important things）

思维差异：英语正式语境习惯用抽象名词表达重要性，避免直白词汇，中文直译生硬。
原文原句：I am concerned with matters of consequence.
例句：Managers should focus on matters of consequence.
翻译：管理者应聚焦重要事务。

4. let go of 放弃；放过；不再纠结（英语固定短语，深层思维：放开执念）

思维差异：中文说“放弃问题”，英语用let go of体现“放下执念”的思维，更贴合情感。
原文原句：who never in his life had let go of a question once he had asked it.
例句：Don’t let go of your dreams easily.
翻译：不要轻易放弃你的梦想。

5. an attack of （疾病）发作（医学/日常惯用搭配，英语固定用法）

文化差异：中文说“生病、发病”，英语疾病发作固定用an attack of。
原文原句：I was disturbed by an attack of rheumatism.
例句：He suffered an attack of fever yesterday.
翻译：他昨天发烧了。


五、实战汉译英（答案见文末）

1. 他如此专注于工作，以至于没注意到我的到来。（so…that…）
2. 这位经理只关注公司的重要事务。（be concerned with；matters of consequence）
3. 一旦你许下承诺，就不要轻易放弃。（once；let go of）
4. 蜡烛在夜里熄灭了。（go out）
5. 天晓得他在哪里闲逛虚度光阴。（goodness knows；loaf around）
6. 我没有希望在天黑前完成这项任务。（There is no hope of doing sth.）