英文：Record High Temperature in Antarctic Winter Raises Alarm
中文：南极冬季创纪录高温，敲响气候警钟
📰 来源：The Guardian 📅 日期：2026.6.11
📝 词数：约560 words ⭐ 难度：★★★★☆
第一段：南极冬季惊现破纪录高温
英文原文
The Antarctic has experienced a temperature of more than 15C (59F) this month, shattering the previous winter heat record for the usually frozen region and raising concerns about the speed of climate breakdown. The new winter peak temperature was logged by the Argentinian Esperanza base on the Trinity Peninsula on 6 June during a protracted heatwave in which the maximum daily temperature exceeded freezing for three consecutive weeks.
中文翻译
本月，南极洲出现了超过15摄氏度（华氏59度）的气温，打破了这片通常冰封之地此前的冬季最高温纪录，引发外界对气候崩溃速度的深切忧虑。这一冬季最高温纪录由阿根廷在三一半岛建立的埃斯佩兰萨基地于6月6日记录，彼时一场旷日持久的热浪正席卷当地，最高日气温已连续三周突破冰点。
第二段：数据佐证—15.4℃，绝非正常
英文原文
Scientists said the high of 15.4C broke the previous record set at the same station in 1998 by two degrees. "This is absolutely crazy," said Raul Cordero, an Ecuadorian climate professor at the University of Groningen. "It is also about 20C above normal for this time of the year. That is a huge anomaly." Unusually strong, warm winds from the north also blew across much of the Antarctic peninsula. One Chilean weather station, Booden Rivera, registered temperatures of close to 13C, Cordero said.
中文翻译
科学家表示，15.4摄氏度的最高温比同一气象站1998年创下的纪录高出整整2度。"这简直疯了，"荷兰格罗宁根大学厄瓜多尔裔气候学教授劳尔·科尔德罗说道，"这比此时的正常气温高出约20摄氏度，属于巨大的异常。"来自北方的异常强劲暖风也席卷了南极半岛大部分地区。科尔德罗表示，一座智利气象站记录到的气温接近13摄氏度。
第三段：亲历目击—冰川在降雨中消融
英文原文
On King George Island, 100 miles from Esperanza, researchers said the landscape had changed from mostly white to brown, grey and green after temperatures hit 4.6C on 6 June. "Last weekend was very strange. The temperatures here went very high so everything outside melted," said Luis Muñoz, a Chilean glaciologist. "Usually there is 20cm of snow and a lot of ice on the ground at this time." Muñoz said he and a colleague, Natalia Mestre, climbed to the 500m peak of the nearby Collins glacier last Wednesday and were surprised to find rain melting the ice. "There was a direct impact on the glacier, which should be receiving snow. It should not be suffering ablation at this time of the year. This is obviously not good for the glacier."
中文翻译
在距埃斯佩兰萨100英里的乔治王岛，研究人员表示，6月6日气温升至4.6摄氏度后，当地景观已从一片白色变为棕褐色、灰色和绿色。"上周末非常奇怪，气温极高，外面所有东西都融化了，"智利冰川学家路易斯·穆尼奥斯说，"通常这个时候地面上应该有20厘米厚的积雪和大量冰块。"穆尼奥斯说，他和同事纳塔利亚·梅斯特雷上周三爬上附近科林斯冰川500米高的山顶，惊讶地发现降雨正在融化冰层。"这对冰川产生了直接影响—此时本应降雪，而非遭受融蚀。这个时节发生这样的事情，对冰川显然很不利。"
第四段：深层压力—人为活动与化石燃料双重推手
英文原文
The Antarctic region is coming under increasing human pressure, both directly in the form of resource exploration and tourism and indirectly through the burning of fossil fuels which is heating the planet. Scientists warn that some of the region's biggest glaciers, such as Thwaites and Pine Island, are approaching — or may even have passed — a tipping point that could push up global sea levels by four metres. Antarctic ice melt has also been found to slow global ocean circulation.
中文翻译
南极地区正承受着日益增大的人为压力：一方面是资源勘探和旅游活动带来的直接冲击，另一方面是化石燃料燃烧导致的全球升温所产生的间接影响。科学家警告称，该地区的一些最大型冰川，如斯韦茨冰川和松岛冰川，正在接近—甚至可能已经越过—一个临界点，一旦突破，全球海平面可能上升多达4米。南极冰雪融化还被发现会减缓全球海洋环流的速度。
第五段：专家警示—单次热浪背后的长期信号
英文原文
Cordero said a single week of heatwaves — no matter how amazing — would not by itself make a huge difference to sea levels, but he warned that it signified more alarming long-term trends. "This heatwave happened because of extremely strong westerlies. This has been happening with increasing frequency since the 1980s and that is known to be related to climate change."
中文翻译
科尔德罗表示，仅仅一周的热浪—无论多么惊人—本身并不会对海平面产生重大影响，但他警告说，这预示着更令人忧虑的长期趋势。"这次热浪的成因是极为强劲的西风带，这种现象自1980年代以来愈发频繁，而这已被证实与气候变化密切相关。"
📚 词汇词组
1. protracted /prəˈtræktɪd/ adj.
① 持续时间过长的，旷日持久的 ② 拖延的，延长的
例句：The protracted drought caused widespread crop failure across the region.
2. anomaly /əˈnɒməli/ n.
① 异常现象，反常情况 ② 不规则，例外
例句：Scientists described the temperature reading as a significant anomaly that warranted further investigation.
3. glaciologist /ˌɡleɪsiˈɒlədʒɪst/ n.
① 冰川学家 ② 研究冰川的科学家
例句：The glaciologist spent three months in Antarctica studying the rate of ice melt.
4. ablation /əˈbleɪʃn/ n.
① （冰川的）融蚀，消融 ② 切除，烧蚀
例句：Accelerated ablation of mountain glaciers is contributing to rising sea levels worldwide.
5. tipping point /ˈtɪpɪŋ pɔɪnt/ n.
① 临界点，转折点 ② 引发连锁反应的关键节点
例句：Many climate scientists fear the Arctic is nearing a tipping point beyond which warming becomes self-reinforcing.
6. circulation /ˌsɜːkjuˈleɪʃn/ n.
① 环流，循环流动 ② 流通，传播
例句：Disruption to ocean circulation could have profound effects on weather patterns globally.
7. westerlies /ˈwestəlɪz/ n.
① 西风带（复数） ② 来自西方的风
例句：The strengthening of the westerlies has been linked to more extreme weather events in the Southern Hemisphere.
8. signify /ˈsɪɡnɪfaɪ/ v.
① 表明，预示 ② 意味着，象征
例句：The sudden spike in temperatures may signify a deeper shift in regional climate patterns.
✍️ 写作句总结
原句
Scientists warn that some of the region's biggest glaciers, such as Thwaites and Pine Island, are approaching — or may even have passed — a tipping point that could push up global sea levels by four metres.
结构抽象
Scientists warn that some of [the region's] biggest [nouns], such as A and B, are approaching — or may even have passed — a tipping point that could [consequence].
造句示范
Economists warn that some of the world's most fragile economies, such as Sri Lanka and Pakistan, are approaching — or may even have passed — a tipping point that could trigger a cascade of sovereign debt defaults.
长难句分析
Scientists warn that some of the region's biggest glaciers, such as Thwaites and Pine Island, are approaching — or may even have passed — a tipping point that could push up global sea levels by four metres.
主干：Scientists warn that... glaciers are approaching a tipping point 主句 = Scientists warn 宾语从句 = that some glaciers are approaching a tipping point
插入成分：— or may even have passed — 破折号夹住的插入语，强调情况可能已经更为严峻（现在完成时 have passed 表已越过临界点）
定语从句：that could push up global sea levels by four metres 修饰 tipping point，说明临界点被突破后的潜在后果
理解要点：本句通过"approaching — or may even have passed —"的递进式插入，制造强烈的语气张力；"push up...by four metres"中 by 表示数量变化幅度，是雅思写作描述数据变化的标准搭配。
📝 阅读理解
题目：According to the article, which factor is identified as the primary cause of the 2026 Antarctic heatwave?
A. Increased tourism and resource exploration in the Antarctic region B. The melting of the Thwaites and Pine Island glaciers C. Extremely strong westerly winds bringing warm air from the north D. A sudden reversal in global ocean circulation patterns
答案解析
✅ 正确答案：C
❌ 选项A：错误。文章提到人类活动是南极承受压力的来源之一，但并非本次热浪的直接成因。
❌ 选项B：错误。斯韦茨和松岛冰川是热浪影响的潜在受害者，而非热浪的成因。
✅ 选项C：正确。文章末尾科尔德罗明确指出："This heatwave happened because of extremely strong westerlies"，来自北方的暖风吹过南极半岛是此次创纪录高温的直接原因。
❌ 选项D：错误。文章提到南极冰融会减缓海洋环流，但方向相反—这是冰融的后果，而非热浪的成因。
📖 全文概括
中文段落大意
第一段：引出事件—南极冬季气温突破15摄氏度，刷新历史纪录，引发气候恶化的严峻警示。
第二段：数据说话—15.4℃的极端温度比1998年旧纪录高出2度，较正常值偏高约20度，异常程度令科学家震惊。
第三段：现场实录—冰川学家亲历冰川在降雨中消融，本应降雪的季节却出现融蚀，景观由白变棕。
第四段：根源分析—人类活动与化石燃料双重施压，南极最大冰川可能正逼近或已越过临界点，威胁全球海平面与洋流系统。
第五段：专家结论—此次热浪源于极强西风带，这一现象自1980年代起愈发频繁，是气候变化长期趋势的有力佐证。
英文全文总结
This Guardian article by Jonathan Watts reports on a record-breaking winter heatwave in Antarctica, where temperatures at the Esperanza base reached 15.4°C on 6 June 2026 — roughly 20°C above normal and two degrees above the previous 1998 record. Scientists described the event as "absolutely crazy," driven by abnormally strong northerly westerlies. On the ground, glaciologists witnessed rain melting ice on the Collins glacier — a phenomenon that should not occur in winter. The article warns that Antarctica is under growing human pressure, and that key glaciers like Thwaites and Pine Island may be nearing irreversible tipping points that could raise global sea levels by four metres. Experts stress that while a single heatwave won't immediately alter sea levels, its increasing frequency since the 1980s points to an accelerating climate emergency.
🎯 打卡作业
请翻译以下划线句：
"It should not be suffering ablation at this time of the year. This is obviously not good for the glacier."
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上期划线句答案
"Football is one of the most unpredictable events in sport — the underdog wins 50 per cent of the time."
参考翻译
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