英文：How to Clean Your Rain Jacket 中文：如何清洗并保养你的雨衣？
📰 来源：The New York Times 📅 日期：2026.6.4
📝 词数：约480 words ⭐ 难度：★★★☆☆
第一段：雨衣失效了怎么办？
英文原文
If your rain jacket is stained or dirty, or if it's starting to absorb water instead of shedding it, it's not beyond hope. Here's how to get your rain gear looking and functioning like new again. — CLAIRE WILCOX
Spot-treat tough stains. If there are obvious stains on your jacket, spot-treat them with a dab of detergent made specifically for rain gear, like Nikwax Tech Wash. (Standard laundry detergents, even mild ones like Woolite, can damage your rain gear.) Let the detergent sit for a few minutes, then buff or rub the stains to loosen them.
中文翻译
如果你的雨衣上有污渍，或者开始吸水而不是排水，别灰心—它还有救。以下方法能让你的雨衣恢复如新。—克莱尔·威尔科克斯
局部处理顽固污渍。 如果雨衣上有明显污渍，用专为雨衣设计的少量洗涤剂（如 Nikwax Tech Wash）进行局部处理。（普通洗衣液，即使是温和型的 Woolite，也可能损伤雨衣面料。）让洗涤剂静置几分钟，再轻轻擦拭或揉搓，使污渍松动。
第二段：机洗方法—正确使用洗衣机
英文原文
Wash your gear in a washing machine. When you're using the Tech Wash or other product for rain gear, do not put more than two items in the washing machine at a time; then add the recommended amount of cleaner to the detergent dispenser.
Ketric Cooley-Rieders, a wash technician at Truckee Laundry, suggests waiting three minutes after starting the wash before adding the Tech Wash, so it can disperse throughout the water and coat everything evenly. Set the wash cycle to "normal" so it spins out as much water as possible.
Note: Slicker-style raincoats, which protect you with a single layer of impermeable plastic, should never go in a washing machine. Hand-wash them instead.
中文翻译
在洗衣机中清洗雨衣。 使用 Tech Wash 或其他雨衣专用清洁产品时，每次放入洗衣机的衣物不要超过两件；然后将推荐用量的清洁剂加入洗涤剂盒。
特鲁基洗衣店的洗涤技师凯特里克·库利-里德斯建议：启动洗衣机三分钟后再加入 Tech Wash，这样可以让洗涤剂充分分散于水中，均匀覆盖衣物。洗涤程序设置为"正常模式"，以便尽量甩出水分。
注意：防水雨衣（Slicker 款式）仅有一层不透水塑料，不可放入洗衣机，应手洗处理。
第三段：重涂防水涂层—恢复排水性能
英文原文
Reapply a water-repellent coating. If water on your jacket isn't beading as nicely as it once did, that means its durable water repellent, or DWR — a chemical coating that makes the outside layer water-resistant and breathable — is wearing off, and it's time to reactivate or reapply it.
Unlined rain gear can be waterproofed in the machine. Just drop a waterproofing formula, like the Nikwax TX.Direct wash, into the detergent dispenser and wash the item on a delicate cycle.
中文翻译
重新涂覆防水涂层。 如果雨衣表面的水珠不再像以前那样圆润滚落，说明耐久性防水涂层（DWR）—一种让外层面料防水透气的化学涂层—正在老化，是时候重新激活或补涂了。
无内衬雨衣可在洗衣机中完成防水处理。只需将防水剂（如 Nikwax TX.Direct 洗涤型防水剂）加入洗涤剂盒，选择"精细衣物"程序洗涤即可。
第四段：有内衬雨衣—手工补涂防水层
英文原文
If your gear has a fleece or fabric liner, take the item out of the washing machine and hang it up. While the gear is still wet, spray a waterproof coating on the outside by hand, holding the bottle about 10 inches away from the item to get an even coat. Pay special attention to the back of the shoulders and the cuffs, where the waterproofing most easily rubs off.
中文翻译
如果你的雨衣带有羊毛或织物内衬，从洗衣机取出后悬挂晾起。趁雨衣还湿润时，手持喷雾瓶距衣物约10英寸（约25厘米）处，向外侧均匀喷涂防水涂层。要特别注意肩背处和袖口—这两个部位的防水层最容易磨损脱落。
第五段：晾干方法—热力激活DWR涂层
英文原文
Dry your gear. Always dry your rain gear according to the instructions on the care label. There's no reason to avoid a dryer cycle, though, if your gear can handle it. Heat reactivates most DWR coatings, which will keep your jacket beading like it's new. If you don't have a dryer, using an iron on a low setting should do the trick.
中文翻译
晾干雨衣。 请始终按照护理标签上的说明晾干雨衣。如果雨衣支持烘干，完全可以使用烘干机—热力能重新激活大多数 DWR 涂层，让雨衣恢复如新的排水效果。如果没有烘干机，用熨斗低温熨烫也可以达到同样效果。
📚 词汇词组
1. shed /ʃed/ v.
① 排出，甩掉（水分） ② 脱落，蜕（皮） ③ 流（泪），流（血）
例句：A well-maintained rain jacket sheds water easily, keeping you dry in any downpour.
2. spot-treat /spɒt triːt/ v.
① 局部处理，针对性处理 ② 点涂（清洁剂）
例句：You should spot-treat the collar of your jacket before putting it in the wash.
3. repellent /rɪˈpelənt/ adj./n.
① 防水的，排斥的（adj.） ② 防水剂，驱虫剂（n.）
例句：The jacket's water-repellent coating kept her completely dry during the sudden storm.
4. durable /ˈdjʊərəbl/ adj.
① 耐用的，持久的 ② 经久不衰的
例句：Durable waterproofing treatments are essential for outdoor gear that faces harsh weather.
5. disperse /dɪˈspɜːs/ v.
① 分散，扩散 ② 驱散，疏散
例句：Stir the solution to help the cleaning agent disperse evenly throughout the water.
6. reactivate /ˌriːˈæktɪveɪt/ v.
① 重新激活，使再度活跃 ② 恢复（功能或效果）
例句：Tumble drying on a low heat setting can reactivate the waterproof coating on most jackets.
7. impermeable /ɪmˈpɜːmiəbl/ adj.
① 不透水的，不可渗透的 ② 密不通风的
例句：The slicker is made of impermeable plastic, so it should never be machine-washed.
8. beading /ˈbiːdɪŋ/ n./v.
① 水珠滚落（形容防水效果良好） ② 结成珠状
例句：When the DWR coating is working properly, you'll notice water beading on the surface of the jacket.
✍️ 写作句总结
原句
Heat reactivates most DWR coatings, which will keep your jacket beading like it's new.
结构抽象
[外力/处理方式] reactivates [功能涂层/机制], which will keep [对象] [doing sth.] like it's new.
造句示范
Regular calibration reactivates the sensor's precision functions, which will keep your measurements accurate like they were on day one.
长难句分析
Heat reactivates most DWR coatings, which will keep your jacket beading like it's new.
主句：Heat reactivates most DWR coatings 主语 = Heat（热力） 谓语 = reactivates（重新激活） 宾语 = most DWR coatings（大多数DWR涂层）
非限制性定语从句：which will keep your jacket beading like it's new which 指代前面整个主句结果； keep + 宾语 + 现在分词（keep sth. doing）= 使某物持续处于某种状态，此处 keep your jacket beading = 让雨衣保持水珠滚落的状态
理解要点：like it's new 是比较状语，口语化表达，相当于 as if it were new，描述效果"像新的一样"。整句展示了"因果链+状态维持"的写作逻辑，which 引导的非限定从句是英文高分写作常用结构，可灵活迁移至雅思/托福大作文。
📝 阅读理解
题目：According to the article, which of the following statements about drying a rain jacket is correct?
A. You should always air-dry your rain jacket and avoid using a dryer. B. A dryer is completely off-limits for all types of rain jackets. C. Using heat — whether from a dryer or iron — can help restore the jacket's waterproof performance. D. Ironing a rain jacket on high heat is the most effective way to reactivate DWR coatings.
答案解析
✅ 正确答案：C
❌ 选项A：错误。文章明确指出"There's no reason to avoid a dryer cycle, though, if your gear can handle it"，并未建议只能晾干。
❌ 选项B：错误。文章说部分雨衣可以使用烘干机，只有 Slicker 款式（单层不透水塑料）才应手洗，并非所有雨衣都禁止机洗/烘干。
✅ 选项C：正确。文章明确说明"Heat reactivates most DWR coatings"，无论是烘干机还是熨斗（低温），都能达到激活防水涂层的效果。
❌ 选项D：错误。文章提到熨斗需使用"低温档位"（a low setting），高温熨烫可能损伤面料，与文章内容不符。
📖 全文概括
中文段落大意
第一段：引入雨衣护理问题—当雨衣开始吸水而非排水时，通过正确清洗可以恢复性能；局部污渍应使用专用洗涤剂点涂处理，避免普通洗衣液损伤面料。
第二段：介绍机洗方法—使用专用清洁产品，每次不超过两件，启动后三分钟再加入洗涤剂；Slicker 款雨衣不可机洗，须手洗。
第三段：讲解防水涂层补涂—当水珠效果减弱时需重涂DWR；无内衬雨衣可通过洗衣机加防水剂完成。
第四段：处理有内衬雨衣—取出后悬挂趁湿手工喷涂防水剂，重点保护肩背与袖口部位。
第五段：说明晾干技巧—热力（烘干机或低温熨烫）可重新激活DWR涂层，是恢复防水效果的关键步骤。
英文全文总结
This article provides a practical guide to cleaning and maintaining rain jackets. When a jacket starts absorbing water instead of shedding it, the solution lies in proper washing and reapplying its DWR (Durable Water Repellent) coating. The author recommends using specialized detergents like Nikwax Tech Wash, limiting machine loads to two items at a time, and waiting three minutes before adding the cleaner. For re-waterproofing, unlined jackets can be treated in the washing machine, while lined ones require manual spray application. Finally, heat — from a tumble dryer or a low-setting iron — is essential for reactivating DWR coatings and restoring the jacket's like-new performance.
🎯 打卡作业
请翻译以下句子：
"Heat reactivates most DWR coatings, which will keep your jacket beading like it's new."
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