(英语写作阅读提高/四六级+考研英语)合作与科学是抵御汉坦病毒的有效防线
原文链接：http://www.chinadaily.com.cn（中国日报）本文转载自中国日报，版权归原作者所有，仅供英语学习交流使用，不代表本平台观点或政治立场。如果这篇文章对你学习英语有帮助，或者让你对中欧经贸关系有了更清晰的认识，别忘了在文末点个赞和在看，也欢迎转发给同样在学习英语的朋友。你的每一次点赞、转发、留言，都是对我们创作者最大的鼓励。做这样一篇带词汇注释的深度文章，从选材、分段、标注到写开场白，前后要花好几个小时。公众号流量不容易，你的小手轻轻一点，就能让这篇文章被更多人看到，也能让我们有动力继续做出更好的内容。谢谢每一位愿意停留阅读的你。喜欢英语、学习英语可以在下方留下微信号，加入我们微信群一起学习，每个月收费9.9元。以下是正文部分，建议结合词汇注释逐句细读，试着用自己的话复述每一段的论点，这样记忆会更扎实。今天这篇文章讲的是汉坦病毒。最近洪迪乌斯号游轮上暴发了安第斯汉坦病毒疫情，多个国家报告了确诊病例和死亡病例。世界卫生组织评估认为全球总体公共卫生风险较低，但这起事件还是引发了担忧，因为安第斯病毒是目前已知唯一能够在人与人之间有限传播的汉坦病毒毒株。好消息是，中国疾控中心已经迅速回应，目前国内没有发现感染病例，也没有发现能携带该病毒的自然宿主，输入性传播和大规模暴发的风险极低。专家澄清了一个重要事实：人际传播不是汉坦病毒的普遍特征，正常情况下主要通过接触受感染的啮齿动物或其排泄物传播。文章最后提醒，自新冠疫情以来我们学到一件事——恐慌、政治化和虚假信息比病毒本身传播得更快。国际合作和尊重科学，才是人类抵御传染病的最强防线。读完这篇文章，你可以积累三类词汇。第一类是传染病与公共卫生的专业术语，比如“暴发”“确诊病例”“疑似病例”“人传人”“自然宿主”“输入性传播”“大规模暴发”“接触者追踪”“检疫安排”，非常适合用来阅读或撰写公共卫生事件、疫情通报类的英文报道。第二类是国际组织和合作相关的表达，像“世界卫生组织”“国际社会”“多边协调”“跨境信息共享”“应急协调机制”“全球治理”，在讨论全球健康治理、国际合作等话题时非常实用。第三类是风险沟通和公众教育的词汇，比如“耸人听闻的标题”“恐慌”“政治化”“虚假信息”“污名化”“阴谋论”“公共卫生素养”，这些词在分析媒体传播、危机公关或公众教育时能派上大用场。这篇文章的写作手法很值得学习。作者采用“事件陈述—风险评估—科学澄清—国际合作呼吁”的经典结构。开头用具体事件抓住注意力，然后迅速引入权威机构(WHO和中国疾控中心)的评估来稳定情绪，紧接着用专家解释来纠正可能的误解(人际传播不是普遍特征)，最后上升到国际合作和科学精神的高度。这种“事实—权威—澄清—升华”的四段式，非常适合用来写危机事件或争议话题的评论。另一个实用技巧是善用对比：把“恐慌、政治化、虚假信息”和“科学、开放、团结、全球治理”放在对立面，让读者一眼看出该站哪边。还有一个金句值得背诵：“传染病不分国界”——短短几个词，放在任何讨论全球健康议题的文章里都是有力的点睛之笔。如果你要写公共卫生评论或风险沟通类的文章，不妨试试这个“先摆事实、再引权威、最后呼吁合作”的写作路径。Collaboration,science effective defenses against hantaviruseffectivedefenses n. 有效防线（新闻词汇）（1）Therecent outbreak of the Andes hantavirus aboard the cruise ship MV Hondius is a reminder to the international community that humanity's battle against infectious diseases is far from over.最近在洪迪乌斯号游轮上爆发的安第斯汉坦病毒疫情提醒国际社会，人类与传染病斗争远未结束。internationalcommunity n. 国际社会（新闻词汇）battleagainst v. 与……斗争（四级）infectiousdiseases n. 传染病（新闻词汇）（2）Whilethe World Health Organization has assessed that the overall global public health risk is low, the incident has nevertheless triggered concern because the Andes virus is currently the only known hantavirus strain capable of limited human-to-human transmission.尽管世界卫生组织评估认为全球总体公共卫生风险较低，但该事件仍然引发了担忧，因为安第斯病毒是目前已知唯一能够在人与人之间有限传播的汉坦病毒毒株。WorldHealth Organization n. 世界卫生组织（新闻词汇）overallglobal public health risk n. 全球总体公共卫生风险（新闻词汇）triggeredconcern v. 引发担忧（新闻词汇）hantavirusstrain n. 汉坦病毒毒株（新闻词汇）limitedhuman-to-human transmission n. 有限的人传人（新闻词汇）（1）Asof early this week, multiple confirmed and suspected cases linked to the cruise ship have been reported across several countries, and multiple deaths were recorded.截至本周早些时候，多个国家已报告了与该游轮相关的多例确诊病例和疑似病例，并记录了多例死亡病例。confirmedcases n. 确诊病例（新闻词汇）suspectedcases n. 疑似病例（新闻词汇）deathsrecorded n. 记录死亡病例（新闻词汇）（2）Coordinatedby WHO and relevant national authorities, international medical evacuations, quarantine arrangements and contact-tracing efforts are underway.在世界卫生组织和相关国家当局的协调下，国际医疗撤离、检疫安排和接触者追踪工作正在进行中。coordinatedby v. 由……协调（四级）relevantnational authorities n. 相关国家当局（新闻词汇）internationalmedical evacuations n. 国际医疗撤离（新闻词汇）quarantinearrangements n. 检疫安排（新闻词汇）contact-tracingefforts n. 接触者追踪工作（新闻词汇）（1）China'sdisease-control authorities have responded promptly.disease-controlauthorities n. 疾病控制当局（新闻词汇）respondedpromptly v. 迅速做出回应（新闻词汇）（2）Accordingto the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, no cases of human infection with the Andes virus have been reported in China as of early this week, nor has any natural host capable of carrying the virus been identified within the country.根据中国疾病预防控制中心的消息，截至本周早些时候，中国尚未报告任何人类感染安第斯病毒的病例，也未在国内发现任何能够携带该病毒的自然宿主。ChineseCenter for Disease Control and Prevention n. 中国疾病预防控制中心（新闻词汇）humaninfection n. 人类感染（新闻词汇）naturalhost n. 自然宿主（新闻词汇）capableof carrying v. 能够携带（四级）（3）WangShiwen, deputy director of the National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention under China CDC, told the media that the risk of imported transmission and large-scale outbreaks in China remains extremely low.中国疾病预防控制中心病毒病预防控制所副所长王世文对媒体表示，中国出现输入性传播和大规模暴发的风险仍然极低。deputydirector n. 副所长（新闻词汇）NationalInstitute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention n. 病毒病预防控制所（新闻词汇）ChinaCDC n. 中国疾病预防控制中心（新闻词汇）importedtransmission n. 输入性传播（新闻词汇）large-scaleoutbreaks n. 大规模暴发（新闻词汇）remainsextremely low v. 仍然极低（新闻词汇）（1）Expertsfurther clarified an important scientific fact often overlooked amid sensational headlines: human-to-human transmission is not a common characteristic of hantaviruses in general.专家们进一步澄清了一个在耸人听闻的新闻标题中经常被忽视的重要科学事实：人际传播并不是汉坦病毒的普遍特征。scientificfact n. 科学事实（新闻词汇）sensationalheadlines n. 耸人听闻的新闻标题（新闻词汇）human-to-humantransmission n. 人际传播（新闻词汇）commoncharacteristic n. 普遍特征（新闻词汇）（2）Undernormal circumstances, hantavirus infection mainly occurs through contact with infected rodents or exposure to contaminated urine, feces and saliva.在正常情况下，汉坦病毒感染主要通过接触受感染的啮齿动物或接触被污染的尿液、粪便和唾液而发生。undernormal circumstances 在正常情况下（新闻词汇）hantavirusinfection n. 汉坦病毒感染（新闻词汇）infectedrodents n. 受感染的啮齿动物（新闻词汇）contaminatedurine, feces and saliva n. 被污染的尿液、粪便和唾液（新闻词汇）（3）Whilethe Andes virus represents a rare exception, transmission generally requires close and prolonged contact in enclosed environments.虽然安第斯病毒是一个罕见的例外，但其传播通常需要在封闭环境中密切且长时间的接触。rareexception n. 罕见的例外（新闻词汇）closeand prolonged contact n. 密切且长时间的接触（新闻词汇）enclosedenvironments n. 封闭环境（新闻词汇）（4）Existingevidence indicates that such transmission remains limited and controllable with proper public health measures.现有证据表明，通过适当的公共卫生措施，这种传播仍然是有限且可控的。existingevidence n. 现有证据（新闻词汇）remainslimited v. 仍然是有限的（新闻词汇）properpublic health measures n. 适当的公共卫生措施（新闻词汇）（1）Sincethe COVID-19 outbreak, the international community has learned that panic, politicization and disinformation can spread faster than the virus itself, thus undermining global prevention and control efforts.自新冠疫情暴发以来，国际社会已经认识到，恐慌、政治化和虚假信息可能比病毒本身传播得更快，从而破坏全球防控努力。COVID-19outbreak n. 新冠疫情暴发（新闻词汇）internationalcommunity n. 国际社会（新闻词汇）politicizationn. 政治化（新闻词汇）disinformationn. 虚假信息（新闻词汇）spreadfaster v. 传播得更快（新闻词汇）globalprevention and control efforts n. 全球防控努力（新闻词汇）（1）Thecurrent hantavirus incident once again demonstrates the importance of adhering to science in the face of disease outbreaks.当前的汉坦病毒事件再次表明，在面对疾病暴发时坚持科学的重要性。adheringto science v. 坚持科学（新闻词汇）diseaseoutbreaks n. 疾病暴发（新闻词汇）（2）Yetclimate factors have made it harder to respond by expanding rodent habitats and extending transmission seasons.然而，气候因素扩大了啮齿动物的栖息地并延长了传播季节，从而增加了应对的难度。climatefactors n. 气候因素（新闻词汇）madeit harder v. 增加难度（新闻词汇）rodenthabitats n. 啮齿动物栖息地（新闻词汇）transmissionseasons n. 传播季节（新闻词汇）（3）Countriesmust strengthen their early warning systems, improve cross-border information sharing and enhance emergency coordination mechanisms.各国必须加强早期预警系统，改善跨境信息共享，并加强应急协调机制。earlywarning systems n. 早期预警系统（新闻词汇）cross-borderinformation sharing n. 跨境信息共享（新闻词汇）emergencycoordination mechanisms n. 应急协调机制（新闻词汇）（4）Infectiousdiseases do not respect national boundaries.infectiousdiseases n. 传染病（新闻词汇）respectv. 尊重，此处意译为“不分”（四级）nationalboundaries n. 国界（新闻词汇）（5）Themultinational response surrounding the outbreak aboard MV Hondius illustrates the importance of timely information sharing among governments, public health agencies and international organizations.围绕洪迪乌斯号游轮暴发疫情的多国应对行动表明，各国政府、公共卫生机构和国际组织之间及时共享信息的重要性。multinationalresponse n. 多国应对行动（新闻词汇）timelyinformation sharing n. 及时信息共享（新闻词汇）publichealth agencies n. 公共卫生机构（新闻词汇）internationalorganizations n. 国际组织（新闻词汇）（1）Equallyimportant is the need to uphold the coordinating role of the WHO.equallyimportant 同样重要（新闻词汇）coordinatingrole n. 协调作用（新闻词汇）（2）Throughoutthe current outbreak, WHO has worked within the framework of the International Health Regulations to facilitate information exchange, coordinate contact tracing and provide scientific risk assessments.在此次疫情暴发过程中，世界卫生组织一直在《国际卫生条例》的框架内开展工作，促进信息交流、协调接触者追踪并提供科学风险评估。throughoutprep. 在整个过程中（四级）InternationalHealth Regulations n. 国际卫生条例（新闻词汇）informationexchange n. 信息交流（新闻词汇）contacttracing n. 接触者追踪（新闻词汇）scientificrisk assessments n. 科学风险评估（新闻词汇）（3）WHOhas consistently stressed that the overall public risk remains low while urging continued vigilance and monitoring.世界卫生组织一直强调，总体公共风险仍然较低，同时敦促保持持续的警惕和监测。consistentlystressed v. 一直强调（新闻词汇）overallpublic risk n. 总体公共风险（新闻词汇）continuedvigilance and monitoring n. 持续的警惕和监测（新闻词汇）（1）Professionalismand multilateral coordination are precisely what the world needs to confront future health threats.专业精神和多边协调正是世界应对未来健康威胁所需要的。professionalismn. 专业精神（新闻词汇）multilateralcoordination n. 多边协调（新闻词汇）futurehealth threats n. 未来健康威胁（新闻词汇）（2）Attemptsto stigmatize countries, float conspiracy theories or undermine international cooperation would only weaken the collective capacity to respond effectively.试图污名化某些国家、散布阴谋论或破坏国际合作的企图，只会削弱有效应对的集体能力。floatconspiracy theories v. 散布阴谋论（新闻词汇）internationalcooperation n. 国际合作（新闻词汇）collectivecapacity n. 集体能力（新闻词汇）respondeffectively v. 有效应对（新闻词汇）（1）Atthe same time, the outbreak underscores the importance of strengthening public health literacy.与此同时，此次疫情也凸显了加强公共卫生素养的重要性。publichealth literacy n. 公共卫生素养（新闻词汇）（2）Publichealth experts note that ordinary preventive measures — such as avoiding contact with rodents and contaminated environments, maintaining hygiene standards and seeking timely medical treatment if symptoms arise — remain effective.公共卫生专家指出，普通的预防措施——例如避免接触啮齿动物和受污染的环境、保持卫生标准以及在出现症状时及时就医——仍然有效。publichealth experts n. 公共卫生专家（新闻词汇）ordinarypreventive measures n. 普通的预防措施（新闻词汇）avoidingcontact with v. 避免接触（四级）contaminatedenvironments n. 受污染的环境（新闻词汇）maintaininghygiene standards v. 保持卫生标准（新闻词汇）seekingtimely medical treatment v. 及时就医（新闻词汇）remaineffective v. 仍然有效（新闻词汇）（3）WHO'shantavirus guidance also highlights the importance of rodent control, sanitation and rapid clinical management.世界卫生组织的汉坦病毒防控指南也强调了啮齿动物控制、环境卫生和快速临床管理的重要性。rodentcontrol n. 啮齿动物控制（新闻词汇）rapidclinical management n. 快速临床管理（新闻词汇）（4）Severelyunwell patients can significantly improve their prognosis through early intensive medical care.病情严重的患者通过早期加强医疗护理可以显著改善预后。severelyunwell patients n. 病情严重的患者（新闻词汇）significantlyimprove v. 显著改善（四级）earlyintensive medical care n. 早期加强医疗护理（新闻词汇）（1）Humanityhas paid a heavy price during past pandemics.paida heavy price v. 付出沉重代价（新闻词汇）pastpandemics n. 过去的大流行病（新闻词汇）（2）Onlythrough scientific response, openness, solidarity and strengthened global governance can the world better safeguard public health security.只有通过科学应对、开放、团结和加强全球治理，世界才能更好地守护公共卫生安全。scientificresponse n. 科学应对（新闻词汇）strengthenedglobal governance n. 加强全球治理（新闻词汇）publichealth security n. 公共卫生安全（新闻词汇）（3）Thehantavirus outbreak should serve as another reminder that international cooperation and respect for science remain humanity's strongest defenses against infectious diseases.汉坦病毒疫情应再次提醒我们，国际合作和尊重科学仍然是人类抵御传染病的最强防线。serveas another reminder v. 再次提醒（新闻词汇）internationalcooperation n. 国际合作（新闻词汇）respectfor science n. 尊重科学（新闻词汇）humanity'sstrongest defenses n. 人类的最强防线（新闻词汇）againstinfectious diseases 抵御传染病（新闻词汇）
10个月宝宝每天需要喝多少奶粉？
