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英文：Women Who Delay Motherhood 'Raise Breast Cancer Risk'
中文：推迟生育的女性乳腺癌风险更高？权威专家发出警示
📰 来源：Daily Mail · 📅 日期：2026.6.4
📝 词数：约530 words ⭐ 难度：★★★★☆
第一段：芝加哥医学论坛研究警示—推迟生育与乳腺癌风险上升密切相关
英文原文
Women who postpone having children face a significantly higher risk of breast cancer, a leading specialist has warned. Dr Andrea DeCensi claimed that the trend of starting families later was "one of the biggest contributors" to rising rates of the disease. Yet many women are unaware about this, he told the world's largest cancer conference in Chicago, adding that girls must be cautioned in schools over the heightened threat. His remarks follow a rise in the number of young people diagnosed with breast cancer — with 8,500 new cases in women aged under 50 every year in the UK.
中文翻译
一位权威专家警告称，推迟生育的女性面临显著更高的乳腺癌风险。安德里亚·德塞西博士声称，晚育趋势是乳腺癌发病率上升的"最大推手之一"。他在芝加哥举行的全球最大癌症会议上表示，许多女性对此毫不知情，并呼吁学校应向女生发出风险提示。他的上述言论，正值英国年轻女性乳腺癌确诊人数持续攀升—每年有8500名50岁以下女性罹患此病。
第二段：专家观点—生育"黄金窗口"与风险盲区
英文原文
Dr DeCensi, director of medical oncology at Galliera Hospital in Genoa, Italy, said: "Women are having children much later and there are issues with that. Delayed childbearing is one of the biggest contributors to rising breast cancer rates." "The optimal window for childbearing is between 20 and 35. After that, not only does it become more difficult to conceive, but breast cancer risk significantly rises. And this is something a lot of women don't know." The disease incidence in UK women aged 25 to 49 has risen by approximately 14 per cent since the early 1990s. Lifestyle factors — such as inactivity, poor diet and obesity — are contributing, but people are less willing to discuss the role of reproductive choices, Dr DeCensi suggested.
中文翻译
意大利热那亚加利耶拉医院肿瘤内科主任德塞西博士表示："女性生育年龄越来越晚，这带来了一系列问题。晚育是乳腺癌发病率上升的最大诱因之一。""生育的'黄金窗口期'在20至35岁之间。超过这个年龄段，不仅受孕难度加大，乳腺癌风险也会显著上升。但很多女性根本不知道这一点。"英国25至49岁女性的乳腺癌发病率自1990年代初以来已上升约14%。德塞西博士指出，生活方式因素（如缺乏运动、饮食不佳和肥胖）固然有影响，但人们在讨论生育选择与癌症风险之间的关联时，往往讳莫如深。
第三段：生物学机制—乳腺细胞为何在生育后才"成熟"？
英文原文
While the link between reproductive factors, hormones and a woman's breast cancer risk is complex, having children younger has been shown to protect against the disease. This is because breast cells remain in an immature and vulnerable state until a woman gets pregnant. These immature cells are more sensitive to oestrogen and other growth-stimulating hormones and are more likely to grow in abnormal ways, increasing the risk of cancer. Having children earlier means these cells — there to produce milk — are able to fulfil their natural function sooner, in theory reducing the window of time for cancer to emerge.
中文翻译
尽管生育因素、激素与女性乳腺癌风险之间的关系错综复杂，但年轻时生育已被证实对乳腺癌具有一定保护作用。这是因为乳腺细胞在女性怀孕之前始终处于未成熟且脆弱的状态。这些未成熟细胞对雌激素及其他促生长激素更为敏感，更容易发生异常增殖，从而提高癌变风险。较早生育意味着这些以分泌乳汁为天然功能的细胞，能更快完成其使命，从理论上缩短了癌细胞"趁虚而入"的时间窗口。
第四段：英国三十岁生育风险高出26%，母乳喂养可延缓发病
英文原文
According to a study published in the British Journal of Cancer, women who have their first child in their thirties are around 26 per cent more likely to develop the disease before the menopause than those who give birth at 22. And the risk falls by up to nine per cent with each pregnancy. Breastfeeding has also been shown to have a protective effect, delaying onset of the disease by ten years but only in women who do so for more than six months and who don't smoke. Experts are still unsure why this is the case, though one leading theory is that breastfeeding stops the body from producing as much of the female sex hormone oestrogen.
中文翻译
根据《英国癌症杂志》发表的一项研究，在三十多岁才生育第一胎的女性，与22岁生育者相比，在绝经前罹患乳腺癌的概率约高出26%。而每增加一次妊娠，风险可降低多达9%。母乳喂养也被证实具有保护作用，可将乳腺癌发病时间推迟十年—但前提是母乳喂养时间超过六个月，且该女性不吸烟。专家目前尚不完全清楚其中原因，但一种主流理论认为：母乳喂养能抑制身体分泌女性性激素雌激素，而研究显示癌细胞可以"以雌激素为食"继续生长。
第五段：社会反思—个人选择与生物本能的两难困境
英文原文
Dr DeCensi added: "As a society, we are having children later — with education, work, and the cost of living all having an impact on when and if women are having children. The problem is that this goes against what the body is biologically designed to do." Breast cancer is the most common form of the disease in the UK with 59,000-plus new cases every year. Fiona Osgun, from Cancer Research UK, said: "Having children lowers the risk of someone developing breast cancer, but it's a personal decision that people make for many reasons — and there are many other ways that women can reduce their risk of cancer that will have a much bigger impact."
中文翻译
德塞西博士补充道："作为一个社会，我们的生育时间越来越晚—教育、工作和生活成本，都在影响着女性何时生育、乃至是否生育。问题在于，这与身体本能的生物学设计背道而驰。"乳腺癌是英国最常见的癌症，每年新增确诊超过5.9万例。英国癌症研究机构的菲奥娜·奥斯冈表示："生育确实可以降低罹患乳腺癌的风险，但这是每个人基于多种原因做出的个人选择—而且，还有很多其他方法可以帮助女性降低癌症风险，其效果甚至更为显著。"
📚 词汇词组
1. postpone /pəˈspəʊn/ v.
① 推迟，延期 ② 拖延（计划或行动）
例句：Many women in developed countries postpone having children until their late thirties due to career and financial pressures.
2. incidence /ˈɪnsɪdəns/ n.
① 发病率，发生率 ② （事件的）发生频率
例句：The incidence of breast cancer among women under 50 has risen sharply over the past three decades.
3. oestrogen /ˈiːstrədʒən/ n.（英式）/ estrogen（美式）
① 雌激素 ② 女性性激素
例句：High levels of oestrogen in the body have been associated with an increased risk of hormone-sensitive cancers.
4. immature /ˌɪməˈtʃʊər/ adj.
① 未成熟的，发育不完全的 ② 不成熟的（行为或判断）
例句：Immature breast cells are particularly vulnerable to hormonal changes that can trigger abnormal growth.
5. vulnerable /ˈvʌlnərəbl/ adj.
① 易受伤害的，脆弱的 ② 容易受攻击的
例句：Children and the elderly are particularly vulnerable to the effects of extreme heat.
6. contributor /kənˈtrɪbjuːtər/ n.
① 贡献者，促成因素 ② 捐助人，投稿人
例句：Chronic stress is recognized as a major contributor to cardiovascular disease.
7. menopause /ˈmenəpɔːz/ n.
① 更年期，绝经期
例句：Research shows that women who give birth before 25 have a lower risk of developing breast cancer before menopause.
8. onset /ˈɒnset/ n.
① 发作，开始（尤指疾病或不良状况） ② 起始，起点
例句：Breastfeeding for more than six months has been shown to delay the onset of breast cancer by up to ten years.
✍️ 写作句总结
原句
The problem is that this goes against what the body is biologically designed to do.
结构抽象
The problem is that [现象/趋势] goes against what [主体] is [副词] designed to do.
造句示范
The problem is that prolonged screen time goes against what the human eye is naturally designed to do, leading to a surge in myopia among younger generations.
长难句分析
The problem is that this goes against what the body is biologically designed to do.
主干：The problem is that... 这是一个"表语从句"结构：The problem is + that从句（表语），用于点出问题本质，语气直接，学术写作中常用
嵌套宾语从句：what the body is biologically designed to do what 引导名词性从句，作 against 的宾语； be designed to do = 天生被设计来做某事，强调"生物本能或自然规律"
副词 biologically 修饰 designed，强调这是生物层面的天然设计，而非社会约定——这是文章论点的核心逻辑支撑
理解要点：goes against what... is designed to do 是一个高频表达模式，意为"与……的本来设计相悖/违背自然规律"，可广泛用于描述人类行为与生理/自然规律冲突的场景，雅思、托福议论文写作中极具表现力。
📝 阅读理解
题目：According to the article, which of the following best explains why having children at a younger age may protect against breast cancer?
A. Younger mothers produce less oestrogen throughout their lifetime, reducing hormonal exposure. B. Pregnancy triggers the immune system to destroy abnormal cells before they become cancerous. C. Early pregnancy causes breast cells to mature and fulfil their natural function sooner, shortening the window for cancerous growth. D. Giving birth before age 25 permanently eliminates the body's sensitivity to growth-stimulating hormones.
答案解析
✅ 正确答案：C
❌ 选项A：错误。文章并未提及年轻母亲终生雌激素分泌量更少，而是指出母乳喂养可暂时抑制雌激素分泌，两者不同。
❌ 选项B：错误。文章没有提到免疫系统在其中发挥作用，此选项无文本依据。
✅ 选项C：正确。文章明确说明："Having children earlier means these cells are able to fulfil their natural function sooner, in theory reducing the window of time for cancer to emerge."—早育使乳腺细胞尽早完成天然功能，从而压缩癌变时间窗口，与C项完全吻合。
❌ 选项D：错误。文章指出未成熟细胞对促生长激素"更敏感"，但并未说明生育后会"永久消除"对激素的敏感性，该说法过于绝对。
📖 全文概括
中文段落大意
第一段：意大利肿瘤专家德塞西博士在全球最大癌症会议上警告，晚育是乳腺癌发病率上升的最大推手之一，英国每年有8500名50岁以下女性确诊。
第二段：专家指出20至35岁是"最佳生育窗口期"，英国25至49岁女性乳腺癌发病率自1990年代初已上升14%，但公众对生育选择与癌症风险的关联讳莫如深。
第三段：从生物学角度解释：乳腺细胞在孕前处于未成熟状态，对雌激素高度敏感、易发生异常增殖；早育可让其尽快完成自然功能，缩短癌变机会窗口。
第四段：引用《英国癌症杂志》数据——三十多岁生育风险比22岁高出26%；每增加一次妊娠可降低9%风险；母乳喂养超过六个月可将发病推迟十年。
第五段：指出晚育的社会根源（教育、职业、生活成本），同时Cancer Research UK专家提醒，生育虽能降低风险，但属个人选择，还有其他更有效的防癌途径。
英文全文总结
This article reports on warnings from cancer specialist Dr Andrea DeCensi, who told a major conference in Chicago that delayed childbearing is "one of the biggest contributors" to rising breast cancer rates. Biologically, breast cells remain immature and vulnerable to hormonal influence until a woman becomes pregnant; early pregnancy matures these cells faster, narrowing the window for cancerous growth. Studies show women who have their first child in their thirties face a 26% higher pre-menopausal breast cancer risk than those who give birth at 22, and breastfeeding for over six months can delay onset by up to ten years. While the article highlights a genuine medical concern, Cancer Research UK cautions that reproductive choices are deeply personal, and other lifestyle interventions may offer greater cancer-prevention benefits.
🎯 打卡作业
请翻译以下句子：
"The problem is that this goes against what the body is biologically designed to do."
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上期划线句答案
"The goal is to make companies that sell the synthetic nucleic acids screen orders to block combinations that could be dangerous, and make sure the customers are legitimate."
参考翻译
其核心目标是：要求销售合成核酸的公司对订单进行筛查，拦截可能具有危险性的组合配方，并确认买家的身份合法性。
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